A̱tak Ka̱duna
A̱tak Ka̱duna (á̱ ku ngyei A̱tak Zariya gbangbang)[1] yet fam a̱byin hwa da̱nang a̱di̱di̱t á̱niet ba̱ nwai yet A̱kpat a̱ni nshyia̱ di̱ swuat, di̱ fam A̱tak Tyokkpaa̱pyia̱ Zariya hu mami Si̱tet Ka̱duna ji. Ka̱ shyia̱ di̱ fam a̱byin Fam A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ Naijeriya hwa. Á̱ghyang á̱niet fa nyia̱ fam a̱byin hu yet kyang ku yet a̱ni hwa da̱nian nnwap nhu nia a̱wot mat tangka̱i a̱vwuo ka̱ shyia̱ ma̱nyin hwa a̱ni bah, ma̱ a̱byin Naijeriya ka.[2]
Susot a̱gwomna̱ti mali
jhyukNnwap
jhyukA̱tak Ka̱duna byia̱ nnwap na̱ la̱u bwoi bi̱n ma̱ng á̱ghyang a̱ni ma̱ng a̱bannwap ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t na̱ ya dundung di̱ kham taada a̱nyin ma̱ng nkhang gbangbang a̱ni. James (2000) ku ka̱u á̱niet banii si̱sak ma̱ng bi̱n nwap ma̱ng a̱lyem mba a̱tafa a̱pyia̱ a̱lyiat ka "The Middle Belt (Composition of the Nok Culture Area)", a̱wot a̱ si̱ tyia̱ mbaa mi̱ susot ma̱ng a̱basusot nang a̱si̱ ji̱ khwi a̱ni:[3]
Kpa̱m nwap ma̱ng a̱lyem Proto-Pi̱lato hu
jhyukI. Fam a̱za ki Sot Á̱niet Tswaywan
- Á̱niet Tswaywan (Adara)
- Ada (Kuturmi)
- Ajure Adara (Kadara of Idon)
- Anumafa Adara (Kadara Kateri)
- Semi Ajure (Ankuwa, Gora)
- A̱sunkurum (Bakulu, Ikulu)
II. Fam jenshyung ki Sot A̱koro
- Koro Myamya
- Koro Achel, Ashe or Wachi
- Koro Ala or Agweshi
- Koro Ham or Adong/Gbaham
III. A̱da ki Sot A̱za-jenshyung
- Ham Kpop (Jaba Kwoi)
- Ham Ngat Ham (Jaban Katari)
- Ham Shambang (Samban)
- Ham Duhyah (Jaban Lungu)
- Ham Gwong (Kagoma)
- Ham Kworri (Chori)
- Ham Det (Faik/Kenyi)
- Ham Netkun/Netwho - Gbaham
- Ham Nyakpah (Yeskwa)
- Ham Kong/Rhuini (Kamantan)
IV. Nienzi̱t ki Sot Kataf (Atyap)
- A̱tyap (Kataf, Katab)
- A̱jhyo (Kaje)
- Agworok (Aegworok, Oegworok, Kagoro)
- Asholyio (Osholio, Asholio, Moro'a)
- Fantswam (Kafanchan)
- A̱sunkurum (Bakulu, Ikulu)
- A̱byoot (Anghan, Kamantan)
- A̱takad (A̱takat, Attakar)
- A̱tyeca̱rak (Atyacherak, Attachirak, Kachechere)
- A̱ca̱la (Challa, Ca̱ra Terri)
- A̱tyuku (Atuku)
V. Sot A̱tak-jenshyung (A̱ninka)
- A̱nghwom (Ninzam)
- Mada A̱za
- Gba̱ntu (Gwantu)
- Nindem
- A̱ku (Nikyob, Kaninkon)
- Kanufi
- Nungu
- Buh - Ayu
- Ningeshe
- Nandu
- Numana
Susot tazwa jini nshyia̱ Kpa̱m Nwap ma̱ng A̱lyem Proto-Pi̱lato huhwa. Da̱ a̱kwonu a̱kya, á̱ si̱ ba̱ jhyi jii ca̱caat ma̱ng lilyem lyiat nji hu gba̱mgbam mbwak Blench (2008) nang a̱nii:[4]
I. A̱za-jenshyung ki Sot Á̱niet Tswaywan
- Eda, Ada
- Edra, Adara
- A̱sunkurum (Bakulu)
- Ẹjẹgha (Idon)
- Doka
- Ẹhwa (Iku-Gora-Ankwe)
II. Sot A̱tyap (Nerzit, Nienzi̱t)
- A̱jhyo
- Atyap
- Agworok (Kagoro)
- Takad (Attakar)
- Atyecarak (Kacicere)
- Asholyio
- Fantswam (Kafancan)
- Atyuku
III. Sot A̱koro
- Ashe
- Tinɔr (Waci-Myamya)
- Idũ, Gwara
- Nyenkpa-Barde
IV. Sot A̱da
- Shamang
- Cori
- A̱da
- Zhire
- Shang
V. Sot Á̱niet Swak
VI. Sot A̱nghwom
- A̱nghwom (Ninzam, Ninzo)
- Bu-Niŋkada
- Mada
- Numana-Nunku-Gbantu-Numbu
- Ningye-Ninka
- Anib
- A̱ku (Nikyob)
- Nindem
- Nungu
- Ayu
VII. Sot Ndun
- Ndun (Nandu)
VIII. Sot A̱lumu
- A̱ si̱ bu nyia̱ nyia̱ Nisam, nang á̱ ku kyiak ka̱ yet a̱lyem Pi̱lato kya nang á̱ ku lyiat mi̱ A̱bakeang, A̱si̱tet Ka̱duna, da̱ a̱kwonu a̱kya, á̱ si̱ mi̱n tak a̱vwuo nka ka di̱ sa Pi̱lato ji bah mat lyin deita a̱lyem, nang a̱tyonyiung wa ma̱nyin lyiat nkaa mi̱ 2005.[5]
Kpa̱m nwap ma̱ng a̱lyem Proto-Kainji
jhyukI. Sot A̱tyin Kainji I
- Atsamyio (Chawai)
- Amap (Amo)
- Abisi (Piti)
- Kuzamani (Shuwa-Zamani)
- Ngmgbang (Ribam)
- Dinani (Dingi)
- Ribina
II. Sot A̱tyin Kainji II
- Agbiri (Gure)
- Aniragu (Kahugu)
- A̱kurmi (Kurama)
- Koonu (Kono)
- Vono (Kiballo)
- Tumi (Kitimi)
- Nuno-Kaivi (Kaibi)
- Mala-Ruma (Rumaya/Ruruma)
- Abin (Binawa)
- Kuvori (Surubu)
- Atumu (Kinuku)
- Shuwa-Zamani (Kuzamani)
- Dungi (Dungu)
Kpa̱m nwap ma̱ng a̱lyem Proto-Kwa
jhyukSot Á̱niet Mangfwuo (Gbagyi)
- Á̱niet Mangfwuo (Gbagyi-Gbari)[3]
Kpa̱m nwap ma̱ng a̱lyem Proto-Jenshyung Cadik
jhyukBang ma̱ng ka̱u di̱ si̱sa si̱ James (2000) hwa myiai kang ma̱ng Kpa̱m Nwap ma̱ng A̱lyem Proto-Jenshyung Cadik:
Lilyem
jhyukA̱tak Ka̱duna byia̱ a̱cyuang susot nwap ma̱ng lilyem ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t, zang nia lyiat di̱ lilyem ku yet ma susot lilyem Naija–Konggo ma̱ng Jenshyung Cadi ja.[7] A̱tatak kya lilyem hu ma̱ng zwályiat ji nang á̱niet A̱tak Ka̱duna ba lyiat a̱ni:
| SA̱M | Lilyem ma̱ng zwályiat |
|---|---|
| Cikun | Gbagyi |
| Jaba | Ashe; Duya; Hyam |
| Jemaa | Ashe; Berom; Duya; Fantswam; Gyong; Da; Jhyo; Kanufi; Mada; Kyoli; Ku-Nindem; Nghwom; Nungu; Nyankpa; Shamang; Tyap; Tyuku Zhire; Numana |
| Kaciya | Adara; Doka; Gbagyi; Da; Iku-Gora-Ankwa; Sunkurum; Jhyo; Byoot; Koro Wachi; Ada; Shamang; Tyap; Zhire |
| Kaduna ma̱ A̱za | Bacama; Gbagyi; Kpat; Kanuri; Yoruba |
| Kaduna ma̱ A̱tak | Adara; Gbagyi; Kpat; Idoma; Igbo; Tyap; Yoruba |
| Kagarko | Ashe; Duya; Gbagyi; Koro Wachi |
| A̱jure | Adara; Ajiya; Gbagyi; Kuzamani |
| Watyap | Gworok; Firan; Iten; Takad; Sholyio; Tyap ma̱ng Tyecaat (Tyeca̱rak) |
| Ka̱uru | Bisi; Bina; Dungu; Ikulu; Kaivi; Kinuku; Koonu; Mala; Mbang; Kuut; Ruma; Sheni; T'kurmi; Tsamyio; Tumi; Tyap; Vono; Tuvori ma̱ng Kpat |
| Lere | T'kurmi, Timap; Bina; Lere; Tugbiri-Niragu ma̱ng Kpat |
| Sangga | Ahwai; Ayu; Bu; Gwandara; Hasha; Nghwom; Numana; Nungu; Sambe; Sha; Toro |
| Zangon Kataf | Sunkurum; Jhyo; Byoot; ma̱ng Tyap; Tyecaat (Tyeca̱rak) |
Ndá a̱byin
jhyukA̱khwukhwop minista Á̱kpa̱u Nkyang A̱byin Naijeriya, Leslie Obiora, tung lis á̱kpa̱u nkyang a̱byin ma̱ a̱mgba̱m a̱byin ka, zang hwa ntsa á̱kpa̱u nkyang a̱byin 74; 34 na̱ maai lung tat nkat ndyo kaswuo, A̱tak Ka̱duna si̱ byia̱ á̱kpa̱u nkyang a̱byin na̱ swak 30 ma̱ng si̱ nna na̱ maai lung na̱ swak kpa̱m nswak nfwuon (50%) a̱ni.[9]
Khap
jhyukMi̱ ndyo 1990 na, á̱nietkhap shita a̱byin ku fa̱k nyinyang kpangti̱n ji̱ neet lyiai nkyang nang ba̱ cak ni mat susot-nta̱m nta̱m shita a̱byin ji̱ ku nshyia̱ a̱ni koji di̱ fam hu, a̱wot a̱zafwun ka, ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t ma̱ng tangka̱i susot-nta̱m jiniaau ku nyim di̱ kwan bwuot ma̱ng a̱nji di̱ swuan da̱ a̱beam a̱gwomma̱ti ba.[10]
Tat-a̱pyia̱
jhyukA̱ca̱cet A̱ka̱vwuomyiam A̱fwun na
jhyuk- Air Force Institute of Technology (Nigeria), Ka̱duna
- Yunivasti Greenfield, Ka̱duna
- Politeknik Ka̱duna, Ka̱duna
- Yunivasti Si̱tet Ka̱duna, a̱yaakampus Ka̱duna ma̱ng Fantswam
- National Open University of Nigeria, A̱vwuofang Gwoot
- Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA), Ka̱duna
- Kaduna State College of Education, Fantswam
- School of Agricultural Technology, Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Cenkwon
A̱ca̱cet á̱niet
jhyukBu nwuan
jhyukYa̱fang
jhyuk- ↑ Kafewo, S. (2009). "Giving Voice: Instigating Debate on Issues of Citizenship, Participation, and Accountability". Development in Practice. V. 19. No. 4/5. Pp. 678-687.
- ↑ Angerbrandt, Henrik (August 7, 2015). "Religion, ethnicity and citizenship: demands for territorial self-determination in southern Kaduna" (di̱n Shong). Journal of Contemporary African Studies. V. 33. No. 2.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 James, Ibrahim (2000). "The Settler Phenomenon in the Middle Belt and the Problem of National Integration in Nigeria: The Middle Belt (Ethnic Composition of the Nok Culture)".
- ↑ Blench, Roger M. (2018). "Nominal affixes and number marking in the Plateau languages of Central Nigeria". In John R. Watters (ed.), East Benue-Congo: Nouns, pronouns, and verbs, 107–172. Berlin: Language Science Press. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1314325
- ↑ Blench, Roger M. 2012. Akpondu, Nigbo, Bəbər and Nisam: moribund or extinct languages of central Nigeria Babur.
- ↑ Ethnologue entry on Gwandara.
- ↑ "Languages of Africa".
- ↑ Nigeria. Ethnologue. 22 (Ed.).
- ↑ Haruna, David Livingstone (February 20, 2020). Nigeria: Southern Kaduna and Tale of Illegal Artisans, Miners. All Africa.
- ↑ Isuwa, Sunday (December 16, 2013). "The Lost Glory of Ginger in Southern Kaduna". Abuja: Daily Trust.
A̱ka̱fwuop nta
jhyuk
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